In this section I'll try to explain what are the changes to be done on various cards to use different computer configurations.
Due to the high number of cards, it's very difficult to show what are all possible configurations, because they can be combined in almost every manner. But there are some limits, mainly for the used address space and firmware versions and operative systems that support the various cards, so it's not always possible to make all combinations if you don't build the multi-boot firmware as explained in the add-ons section.
All firmwares and operative systems shown in this page are available in the software section.
The following table shows the address space used by various cards, both for memory and input/output addresses. Using this table it should be easier to understand what cards are compatible themselves and what aren't.
CARD | DESCRIPTION | MEMORY ADDRESSES | INPUT/OUTPUT ADDRESSES | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LX.382 | CPU card | ram: 0x0000 - 0x03FF eprom: 0x8000 - 0x83FF |
- | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
LX.383 | hexadecimal keyboard interface | - |
|
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LX.385 | tape interface | - | 0xEE - 0xEF | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
LX.386 | 8 KBytes memory expansion | addressable in any manner in 1K blocks depending on jumpers and plugged ram chips (after the address 0x7FFF of if it's used together with the 32 KBytes expansion it's necessary to make some patches) |
- | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
LX.392 | 32 KBytes memory expansion | addressable in any manner in 16K blocks depending on jumpers and plugged ram chips |
- | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
LX.389 | printer interface | - | addressable at the following addresses by way of jumpers: 0x02 - 0x03 0x06 - 0x07 0x0A - 0x0B 0x0E - 0x0F 0x12 - 0x13 0x16 - 0x17 0x1A - 0x1B 0x1E - 0x1F |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
LX.548 | 16 KBytes basic on eprom | eprom: 0x0000 - 0x3FFF | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
LX.388 | video interface | ram: 0xEC00 - 0xEDFF |
|
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LX.529 | video graphic and printer interface | - |
|
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LX.390 | floppy interface | eprom: 0xF000 - 0xF3FF |
|
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LX.394-395 | eprom programmer | eprom to be programmed: 0x9000 - 0x9FFF eprom with firmware: 0x8400 - 0x87FF |
eprom programming enable: 0x7F | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
LX.683 | hard-disk interface | eprom on floppy card LX.390: 0xF000 - 0xF7FF | 0xB8 - 0xB9 - 0xBA - 0xBB |
Additionally, various cards need various eproms with the proper firmware to manage them. Depending on the plugged eprom it's necessary to make different changes to the CPU card or to the floppy interface card so that the choosen eprom can take control of the computer at reset. It's even possible to mount more eproms (one eprom for card on different cards) but the user has to do more operations to use the eprom that is not on the CPU card. Infact in this case it's necessary to set the eprom address using the hexadecimal keyboard and manually start the program execution. In any case this is not suggested because it makes impossible to use NE-DOS version 1.5 and more, because the addresses occupied by eprom "382" must be available to ram (NE-DOS version 1.5 requires at least 40 KBytes of ram).
The only exception is the eprom programmer firmware, that must be necessarily installed together with eprom "382" that is mounted on the CPU card.
In the add-ons section there are explanations about how to build a card with a multi-firmware boot to use all cards together.
CARD | DESCRIPTION | NEEDED FIRMWARE (the various eproms are in alternative) |
ADDRESSES | OPERATIVE SYSTEM SUPPORTED |
---|---|---|---|---|
LX.383 | hexadecimal keyboard interface | eprom "382" mounted on CPU card | 0x8000 - 0x83FF | hexadecimal monitor 5.5K basic on tape |
LX.385 | tape interface | eprom "382" mounted on CPU card |
0x8000 - 0x83FF | hexadecimal monitor 5.5K basic on tape |
16 KBytes basic on eprom | 0x0000 - 0x3FFF | 16 KBytes basic on eprom | ||
LX.389 | printer interface | eprom "382" mounted on CPU card | 0x8000 - 0x83FF | hexadecimal monitor 5.5K basic on tape 16 KBytes basic on eprom |
LX.388 | video interface | eprom "382" mounted on CPU card |
0x8000 - 0x83FF | hexadecimal monitor 5.5K basic on tape |
eprom "390" mounted on floppy interface card | 0xF000 - 0xF3FF | 5.5K basic on floppy | ||
eprom "1390" mounted on floppy interface card | 0xF000 - 0xF3FF | NE-DOS 1.0 + basic 1.0 or NE-DOS 1.5 + basic 2.1 on floppy |
||
LX.529 | video graphic and printer interface | eprom "2390" mounted on floppy interface card | 0xF000 - 0xF3FF | NE-DOS G.1 + basic G.1.0 on floppy |
LX.390 | floppy disk interface | eprom "390" mounted on floppy interface card | 0xF000 - 0xF3FF | 5.5K basic on floppy |
eprom "1390" mounted on floppy interface card |
0xF000 - 0xF3FF | NE-DOS 1.0 + basic 1.0 or NE-DOS 1.5 + basic 2.1 on floppy |
||
eprom "2390" mounted on floppy interface card | 0xF000 - 0xF3FF | NE-DOS G.1 + basic G.1.0 on floppy | ||
LX.394-395 | eprom programmer | eprom "382" mounted on CPU card and eprom "394" mounted on programmer interface | 0x8000 - 0x83FF 0x8400 - 0x8FFF |
hexadecimal monitor |
LX.683 | hard disk interface | eprom "683" mounted on floppy interface card | 0xF000 - 0xF7FF | SONE |
In the following table thare are the requirements for every operative system, in terms of ram, firmware, and needed cards (beyond to the bus card and the power supply).
OPERATIVE SYSTEM | MINIMUM KBYTES RAM | MINIMUM NEEDED CARDS |
---|---|---|
hexadecimal monitor | 1 | LX.382 - CPU card LX.383 - hexadecimal keyboard interface LX.384 - hexadecimal keyboard and display |
5.5K basic on tape | 8 | LX.382 - CPU card LX.383 - hexadecimal keyboard interface LX.384 - hexadecimal keyboard and display LX.385 - tape interface LX.386 - 8 KBytes memory expansion or LX.392 - 32 KBytes memory expansion (with minimum 16 KBytes mounted) LX.388 - video interface LX.387 - alphanumeric keyboard video monitor or television |
5.5K basic on floppy | 8 | LX.382 - CPU card LX.383 - hexadecimal keyboard interface LX.384 - hexadecimal keyboard and display LX.385 - tape interface LX.386 - 8 KBytes memory expansion or LX.392 - 32 KBytes memory expansion (with minimum 16 KBytes mounted) LX.388 - video interface LX.387 - alphanumeric keyboard LX.390 - floppy disk interface video monitor or television |
16 KBytes basic on eprom | 8 | LX.382 - CPU card LX.386 - 8 KBytes memory expansion or LX.392 - 32 KBytes memory expansion (with minimum 16 KBytes mounted) LX.388 - video interface LX.387 - alphanumeric keyboard video monitor or television |
NE-DOS 1.0 + basic 1.0 on floppy | 32 | LX.382 - CPU card four LX.386 - 8 KBytes memory expansion or LX.392 - 32 KBytes memory expansion LX.388 - video interface LX.387 - alphanumeric keyboard LX.390 - floppy disk interface video monitor or television |
NE-DOS 1.5 + basic 2.1 on floppy | 32 | LX.382 - CPU card LX.392 - 32 KBytes memory expansion LX.386 - 8 KBytes memory expansion or LX.392 - 32 KBytes memory expansion (with only 16 KBytes mounted) LX.388 - video interface LX.387 - alphanumeric keyboard LX.390 - floppy disk interface video monitor or television |
NE-DOS G.1 + basic G.1.0 on floppy | 40 | LX.382 - CPU card LX.392 - 32 KBytes memory expansion LX.386 - 8 KBytes memory expansion or LX.392 - 32 KBytes memory expansion (with only 16 KBytes mounted) LX.529 - video graphic and printer interface LX.387 - alphanumeric keyboard LX.390 - floppy disk interface video monitor |
SONE | 40 | LX.382 - CPU card LX.392 - 32 KBytes memory expansion LX.386 - 8 KBytes memory expansion or LX.392 - 32 KBytes memory expansion (with only 16 KBytes mounted) LX.529 - video graphic and printer interface LX.387 - alphanumeric keyboard LX.390 - floppy disk interface video monitor |
In the following table there are the changes to be done to support every kind or card.
Note that to use NE-DOS or SONE that require at least 40 KBytes of memory (both with the video interface LX.388 and LX.529) it's always necessary to disable the eprom on the CPU card and to change the reset circuit, with the result to loose the possibility to use the hexadecimal keyboard monitor.
Anyway to use any operative system (also the hexadecimal keyboard) it's possible to build the multi-boot firmware card as explained in the add-ons section, as an alternative to the following changes.
As a start for these changes it's assumed that on the bus card there is only the CPU card with 1K ram on board and eprom "382".
CARD | DESCRIPTION | NEEDED CHANGES TO INSTALL THE CARD | DETAILED CHANGES |
---|---|---|---|
LX.383 | hexadecimal keyboard interface | nothing | |
LX.385 | tape interface | nothing | |
LX.386 | 8 KBytes memory expansion |
|
COME ESPANDERE LA MEMORIA NEL COMPUTER - magazine 77 |
LX.392 | 32 KBytes memory expansion |
|
COME ESPANDERE LA MEMORIA NEL COMPUTER - magazine 77 |
LX.389 | printer interface | nothing | |
LX.548 | 16 KBytes basic on eprom |
|
16 K DI BASIC RESIDENTI SU EPROM - magazine 96 |
LX.388 | video interface |
|
COME ESPANDERE LA MEMORIA NEL COMPUTER - magazine 77 |
LX.529 | video graphic and printer interface | nothing | |
LX.390 | floppy interface | nothing | |
LX.394-395 | eprom programmer |
|
PROGRAMMATORE DI EPROM PER Z80 - magazine 75 |
LX.683 | hard disk interface |
|
UN SISTEMA OPERATIVO COMPATIBILE CP/M - magazine 101-102 |
NOTE: in addition to what indicated in the article COME ESPANDERE LA MEMORIA NEL COMPUTER on magazine number 77, if you want to use the eprom on LX.382 cpu card together with only one or two LX.392 dynamic ram cards (without using any LX.386 static ram cards) you must do the following patches on the LX.382 cpu card:
Additionally, in case you want to disable the eprom on the LX.390 floppy-disk interface, you need to make the following paches on LX.390 card:
By correlating data in previous tables it should be possible to understand what changes to do to use any kind of operative system.
In any case if you have any doubts or questions don't hexitate to e-mail me.